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emmedonline
Dr. Ajith Kumar J MD
Dept. of Emergency Medicne
Travancore Medicity, Kollam
India
editor
Two types of vaccine are available for use
a Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine for parenteral use
an oral live-attenuated vaccine
Indication
Travellers to area where there is a risk for exposure to salmonella serotype typhi.
House hold contacts with a documented salmonella serotype chronic carrier
Microbiologist or lab workers at risk of exposure
Vi Polysaccharide vaccine
It is administrated as a single injection and is approved in adults and childrens >2 years.
It should be given atleast 2 weeks before potential exposure.
Dose : 0.5 ml (25mcg)
Site : IM
Repeat dose : An optimal revaccination schedule for Vi polysaccharide vaccine has not been established. However a repeat dose is recommended every 2 years after primary dose if continued or renewed exposure is expected.
Adverse Reaction
Injection site pain (77%), tenderness (75%), muscle aches (39%)
Fever, headcahe, rashes, abdominal pain
Pregnancy : Should be given only if clearly indicated.
Oral Ty21a
It is a live attenuated vaccine consists of a enteric coated capsule
It is approved for adults and children’s aged >6 years.
Dose : 1 capsule on day 0 , 2 , 4 &6.
Administartion : each capsule should be taken with cool water (<37C)1 hour before meal .
All doses should be completed atleast 1 week before potential exposure
Adverse Reaction
Diarrhea, nausea
Fever, headcahe, rashes, abdominal pain
Contraindication : Immunocompromised , Pregnacy
Vaccine Efficacy
|
Availability
Inj . Typhim Vi prefilled syringe single dose(0.5ml) / Multidose vial (20 doses)
Inj. Typhivax 0.5ml
Inj. Typherix 0.5ml
Updated on 23/5/2017
Reference
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emmedonline
Dr. Ajith Kumar J MD
Dept. of Emergency Medicne
Travancore Medicity, Kollam
India
editor