• Two types of vaccine are available for use

  • a Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine for parenteral use

  • an oral live-attenuated vaccine

Indication

• Travellers to area where there is a risk for exposure to salmonella serotype typhi.

• House hold contacts with a documented salmonella serotype chronic carrier

• Microbiologist or lab workers at risk of exposure

Vi Polysaccharide vaccine

• It is administrated as a single injection and is approved in adults and childrens >2 years.

• It should be given atleast 2 weeks before potential exposure.

Dose : 0.5 ml (25mcg)

Site : IM

Repeat dose : An optimal revaccination schedule for Vi polysaccharide vaccine has not been established. However a repeat dose is recommended every 2 years after primary dose if continued or renewed exposure is expected.

Adverse Reaction

• Injection site pain (77%), tenderness (75%), muscle aches (39%)

• Fever, headcahe, rashes, abdominal pain

Pregnancy : Should be given only if clearly indicated.

Oral Ty21a

• It is a live attenuated vaccine consists of a enteric coated capsule

• It is approved for adults and children’s aged >6 years.

Dose : 1 capsule on day 0 , 2 , 4 &6.

Administartion : each capsule should be taken with cool water (<37C)1 hour before meal .

All doses should be completed atleast 1 week before potential exposure

Adverse Reaction

• Diarrhea, nausea

• Fever, headcahe, rashes, abdominal pain

Contraindication : Immunocompromised , Pregnacy

Availability

• Inj . Typhim Vi prefilled syringe single dose(0.5ml) / Multidose vial (20 doses)

• Inj. Typhivax 0.5ml

• Inj. Typherix 0.5ml



Updated on 23/5/2017

Reference

• Updated Recommendations for the Use of Typhoid Vaccine — Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2015. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6411a4.htm